Seroepidemiology of HIV infection in pregnant Women at a Referral Centre of North India
Keywords:
HIV, Pregnancy, India,
Abstract
Background: Routine HIV counseling and testing done as a mandatory part of antenatal care in India has lead all pregnant women comes under the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV(PMTCT) program. Despite such strategies, the effective execution and uptake of these programs remains a major obstacle. It is thus, important to understand experiences of pregnant women undergoing HIV testing to detect the flaws on the part of the provider and the benefiter and eliminate them to strengthen the PMTCT services.Aim: Westudied the acceptability of HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) in antenatal women attending a tertiary health centre of north India. The impact of sociodemographic factors on HIV prevalence and uptake of PMTCT was also studied and the possible reasons for dropouts were determined.Methods: Firstly we performed pretest counseling and sociodemographic data and blood samples collected from the consenting antenatal pregnant women were also taken. Samples were tested for HIV antibodies as per WHO guidelines. Data was analysed and presented as mean, percentages and tables.Results: Of 30150 pregnant women counseled, 23464 (77.82%) underwent testing.136 / 23464 women tested seropositive. The prevalence of HIV in antenatal women was found to be 0.58%. Majority of these women were young and belonged to the age group 20-24 years (0.23%).22% refused testing, the reasons for which were tried to b sought. Strong associations were found between the HIV seroreactive status and marital status, low education status, low social class, high parity and unemployment.Conclusion: To eliminate pediatric transmission of HIV and to create more awareness regarding HIV infection and parent to child transmission, there is a need to make VCT and PMTCT programs more acceptable to the population. The observations found in the study were consistent with the national projections.References
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(1):49–64.
14. Orne-Gliemann J, Tchendjou PT, Miric M, Gadgil M, Butsashvili M, Eboko F, Perez-Then E, Darak S, Kulkarni S, Kamkamidze G, et al: Couple-orientedprenatal HIV counseling for HIV primary prevention: an acceptability study. BMC Publ Health 2010, 10:197.
2. National Aids Control Organization (NACO), Government of India, Annual Report (2012-13) department of AIDS Control, ministry of health and family welfare, India
3. New global plan to eliminate HIV infections among children launched at UN http://www.unicef.in/Story/1123/HIV-AIDS
4. Baveja UK: HIV antibody testing with special reference to HIV-1. In HIV Testing Manual, laboratory diagnosis, Biosafety and Quality control National AIDS Control Organisation: New Delhi:45-67
5. Prevention of mother to child transmission, HIV prevention programs [http://www.avert.org/prevention-mother-child-transmission-pmtct-hiv.htm]
6. NACO guidelines for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV [http://ww.naco.nic.in/pmtct.html]
7. Cooper ER, Charurat M, Mofenson L, Hanson IC, Pitt J, Diaz C, HayaniK,Handelsman E, Smeriglio V, Hoff R, et al: Combination antiretroviral strategies for the treatment of pregnant HIV-1-infected women and prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission. J Acquir Immune DeficSyndr 2002, 29(5):484–494.
8. ShrinivasDarak, MayuriPanditra, RituParchure, VinayKulkarni, SanjeevaniKulkarni and Fanny Janssen et al: Systematic review of public health research on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in India with focus on provision and utilization of cascade of PMTCT services: BMC Public Health 2012, 12:320
9. National Aids Control Organisation (NACO), Government of India, Annual Report (2013-2014).
10. Dandona R, Kumar SG, Kumar GA, Lakshmi V, Dandona L: HIV testing among adults in a high prevalence district in India. Natl Med J India 2009, 22(6):289–293.
11. Panditrao M, Darak S, Kulkarni V, Kulkarni S, Parchure R: Socio-demographic factors associated with loss to follow-up of HIV-infected women attending a private sector PMTCT program in Maharashtra, India. AIDS Care 2011, 23(5):593–600.
12. Rogers A, Meundi A, Amma A, Rao A, Shetty P, Antony J, Sebastian D, Shetty AK: HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, perceived benefits, and risks of HIV testing among pregnant women in rural Southern India. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2006, 20(11):803–811.
13. Samuel NM, Srijayanth P, Dharmarajan S, Bethel J, Van Hook H, Jacob M, Junankar V, Chamberlin J, Collins D, Read JS: Acceptance of HIV-1 education & voluntary counselling/testing by &seroprevalence of HIV-1 among, pregnant women in rural south India. Indian J Med Res 2007, 125
(1):49–64.
14. Orne-Gliemann J, Tchendjou PT, Miric M, Gadgil M, Butsashvili M, Eboko F, Perez-Then E, Darak S, Kulkarni S, Kamkamidze G, et al: Couple-orientedprenatal HIV counseling for HIV primary prevention: an acceptability study. BMC Publ Health 2010, 10:197.
Published
2016-02-13
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