Rapid Diagnosis of Tubercular Bacilli in Sputum Cytology
Keywords:
Pap, Auramine-O, Sputum, ZN stain, Fluorescent Microscopy
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis is a most common infectious disease which is still remains a leading cause of adult mortality. There are various methods for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, such as sputum examination of tubercular bacilli by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, demonstration of tubercular bacilli by Auramine-O, Papanicolaou (Pap) stain staining and culture in LJ medium. Aim The aim of present study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of Pap stain, Auramine-O and ZN stain in rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum cytology. Material & Methods Study was done on Sputum of clinically suspected case of pulmonary tuberculosis from June 2017 to August 2017. On all received sample Z N, Pap, Auramine-O staining done. Result Among clinically suspected 150 patients. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 74 patients. Pap shows 49 (66.21%) , Auramine-O shows 42(56.75%) ; ZN shows 35 (47.29%) cases positive. Conclusion Evening rise of Temperature, Weight Loss, and Cough more than 2 weeks, CXR reports are the main evidence to suspect a case of Tuberculosis. Males are more affected than female and more in case of seropositive patient. Pap is slightly more sensitive than Auramine-O in diagnosis of Pulmonary tuberculosis in Fluorescent Microscopy.References
1. Krishna M, Kumar A; Autofluorescence in Pap stain in the sputum of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and compare with other AFB stains. J. Evolution Med. Dent. Sci. 2016;5(16):755-757, D
2. Global tuberculosis control 2012, WHO, Geneva, 2012.
3.Global Tuberculosis Report;WHO;Geneva; 2013.
4.Connolly C, Davies GR, Wilkinson. D. Impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on mortality among adults with tuberculosis in rural South Africa, 1991– 1995. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1989;2(11):919-25.
5.Madhusudhan NS, Amirthalingeswaran G; Comparison of ZN stain (RNTCP) Versus fluorescent microscopy and modification of cold stain to detect acid fast bacilli from sputum sample;International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2016;3(4):968-971.
6.Huebner RE, Good RC, Tokars JI; Current practices in mycobacteriology: results of a survey of state public health laboratories; J Clin Microbiology 1993;31:771–5.
7.Küpper T, Gore C, Gore R, Wehle K, Marzahn S, Pfi tzer P. Fluorescence microscopy of mycobacteria in pleural effusions; Cytopathology 1999;10:303-7.
8.Kupper TH, Wehle K, Pfitzer P; Fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou stained preparations; Acta Cytol 1994;38(4):64.
9.Ghali VS, Garcia RL, Skolom J; Fluorescence of Pneumocystis carinii in Papanicolaou smears. Hum Patho 1984;15(10):907-9.
10. Küpper T, Steffen U, Wehle K, Richartz G, Pfitzer P; Morphological study of bacteria of the respiratory system using fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou stained smears with special regard to the identification of Mycobacteria sp. Cytopathology 1995;6(6):388-402.
11.Lunawat PP, Mhapuskar AA, Ganvir SM, Hazarey VK, Mhapuskar MA, Kulkarni D; Detection of acid fast bacilli in saliva using papanicolaou stain induced fluorescence method versus fl uorochrome staining: An evaluative study; J Int Oral Health 2015;7(7):115-120.
12.Mandal AK, Chaudhary S; Tuberculosis In; Mandal AK, Chaudhary S, editor. Text book of pathology, Ist ed. New Delhi; Avichal Publisher; 2010:70-75.
13.RNTCP Central TB Division Manual for Laboratory Technicians. New Delhi, India Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2nd Ed, 2005;22,50.
14.Weyer K, Kantor I, Kim SJ; Microscopy.In: Laboratory Services in Tuberculosis Control;Ist edition; New Delhi; A.I.T.B.S; 2002. p. 79-111.
15. Küpper T, Wehle K, Marzahn S, Pfitzer P; The cytologic diagnosis of Mycobacterium kansasi tuberculosis by fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou-stained specimens; Cytopathology 1995;6(5):331-8.
16. Graham AR; Fungal autofluorescence with ultraviolet illumination. Am J Clin Pathol 1983;79:231-4.
17. Mann JL; Autofluorescence of fungi: An aid to detection in tissue sections. Am J Clin Pathol 1983;79(5):587-90.
2. Global tuberculosis control 2012, WHO, Geneva, 2012.
3.Global Tuberculosis Report;WHO;Geneva; 2013.
4.Connolly C, Davies GR, Wilkinson. D. Impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on mortality among adults with tuberculosis in rural South Africa, 1991– 1995. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1989;2(11):919-25.
5.Madhusudhan NS, Amirthalingeswaran G; Comparison of ZN stain (RNTCP) Versus fluorescent microscopy and modification of cold stain to detect acid fast bacilli from sputum sample;International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2016;3(4):968-971.
6.Huebner RE, Good RC, Tokars JI; Current practices in mycobacteriology: results of a survey of state public health laboratories; J Clin Microbiology 1993;31:771–5.
7.Küpper T, Gore C, Gore R, Wehle K, Marzahn S, Pfi tzer P. Fluorescence microscopy of mycobacteria in pleural effusions; Cytopathology 1999;10:303-7.
8.Kupper TH, Wehle K, Pfitzer P; Fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou stained preparations; Acta Cytol 1994;38(4):64.
9.Ghali VS, Garcia RL, Skolom J; Fluorescence of Pneumocystis carinii in Papanicolaou smears. Hum Patho 1984;15(10):907-9.
10. Küpper T, Steffen U, Wehle K, Richartz G, Pfitzer P; Morphological study of bacteria of the respiratory system using fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou stained smears with special regard to the identification of Mycobacteria sp. Cytopathology 1995;6(6):388-402.
11.Lunawat PP, Mhapuskar AA, Ganvir SM, Hazarey VK, Mhapuskar MA, Kulkarni D; Detection of acid fast bacilli in saliva using papanicolaou stain induced fluorescence method versus fl uorochrome staining: An evaluative study; J Int Oral Health 2015;7(7):115-120.
12.Mandal AK, Chaudhary S; Tuberculosis In; Mandal AK, Chaudhary S, editor. Text book of pathology, Ist ed. New Delhi; Avichal Publisher; 2010:70-75.
13.RNTCP Central TB Division Manual for Laboratory Technicians. New Delhi, India Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2nd Ed, 2005;22,50.
14.Weyer K, Kantor I, Kim SJ; Microscopy.In: Laboratory Services in Tuberculosis Control;Ist edition; New Delhi; A.I.T.B.S; 2002. p. 79-111.
15. Küpper T, Wehle K, Marzahn S, Pfitzer P; The cytologic diagnosis of Mycobacterium kansasi tuberculosis by fluorescence microscopy of Papanicolaou-stained specimens; Cytopathology 1995;6(5):331-8.
16. Graham AR; Fungal autofluorescence with ultraviolet illumination. Am J Clin Pathol 1983;79:231-4.
17. Mann JL; Autofluorescence of fungi: An aid to detection in tissue sections. Am J Clin Pathol 1983;79(5):587-90.
Published
2018-09-22
Issue
Section
Original Article
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
