Hepatitis B versus HIV in Blood Donors
Keywords:
Hepatitis B, HIV, Seroprevalence, Transfusion transmitted diseases, Voluntary donors, Replacement donors
Abstract
Introduction -Transmission of infectious diseases through donated blood is of concern to blood safety as transfusion forms an integral part of medical and surgical therapy. Blood transfusion carries the risk of transfusion-transmissible infections, including HIV, hepatitis, syphilis, malaria and infrequently toxoplasmosis.Aims & Objectives -To find out the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and HIV virus in blood donors , to determine the incidence of transfusion related disease in blood donors, to find the incidence of spectrum of diseases in blood bank donation, to find the age & sex distribution of the cases studied.Material & methods -The present study was undertaken in the Department of Pathology MGM Medical College Indore. This is a retrospective study that was conducted, during the period 2008 –2015. The screening for HIV & HBS Ag was done by ELISA. Results - Out of total 137689 blood donations, majority of donors are voluntary donors 83.02 % as compared to replacement donors 17.05 %. Seroprevalence of HBV and HIV are 1.64 % and 0.13 % respectively. Seroprevalence is higher in the age group 26-35 year for HBV-0.93 % & HIV-0.065 %. Over all Seroprevalence in the years 2008-15 is 1.89 %. Seroprevalence is higher in voluntary donors 1.33 % as compared to replacement/relative 0.55 % donors.Conclusion -voluntary blood donation should be encouraged for prevention of transfusion-transmissible diseases. The time and cost involved in screening donated blood can be reduced by an effective donor education and selection program that promotes self-exclusion by donors at risk of transfusion-transmissible infections. DOI: 10.21276/AABS.1557References
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2. Arthos J, et al (2008). "HIV-1 envelope protein binds to and signals through integrin alpha(4)beta(7), the gut mucosal homing receptor for peripheral T cells". Nature Immunol. In Press (3): 301–9.
3. Various (2008) (PDF). HIV Sequence Compendium 2008 Introduction. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
4. Haedicke, J.; Brown, C.; Naghavi, H. (Aug 2009). "The brain-specific factor FEZ1 is a determinant of neuronal susceptibility to HIV-1 infection". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 (33): 14040–14045.
5. Arauz-Ruiz P, Norder H, Robertson BH, Magnius LO (August 2002). "Genotype H: a new Amerindian genotype of hepatitis B virus revealed in Central America". J. Gen. Virol. 83 (Pt 8): 2059–73.
6. Coffin CS, et al. "Hepatitis B virus (HBV) quasispecies in hepatic and extrahepatic viral reservoirs in liver transplant recipients on prophylactic therapy". Liver Transpl 17 (8): 955–62
7. Schwartz O, Maréchal V, Le Gall S, Lemonnier F, Heard JM (March 1996). "Endocytosis of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules is induced by the HIV-1 Nef protein". Nat. Med. 2 (3): 338–42.
8. Kulkarni N. Analysis of the seroprevalence of HIV, HBsAg, HCV and syphilitic infections detected in the pretranfusion blood: A short report. International Journal of Blood Transfusion and Immunohematology 2012;2:1-3.
9. Dimple Arora, Bharti Arora, AnshulKhetarpal“Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis in blood donors in Southern Haryana" Year 2010 Vol: 53(2)Page308-309
10. Manisha Jain, Anita Chakravarti, VikasVerma, PreenaBhalla”Seroprevalence of hepatitis viruses in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus” Year : 2009 Vol: 52( 1)Page : 17-19
11. SmitaSood and ShirishMalvankar “Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen, Antibodies to the Hepatitis C Virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in a Hospital-Based Population in Jaipur, Rajasthan”Year : 2010 , Vol : 35 (1)Page : 165-169
12. Mujeeb SA, Pearce MS. Temporal trends in hepatitis B and C infection in family blood donors from interior Sindh, Pakistan. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2008;8:43. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-8-43.
13. Nagalo MB, Sanou M, Bisseye C, et al. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and syphilis among blood donors in Koudougou (Burkina Faso) in 2009. Blood Transfusion. 2011;9(4):419-424. doi:10.2450/2011.0112-10.
14. Belay Tessema et al “Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infections among blood donors at Gondar University Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: declining trends over a period of five years” BMC Infectious Diseases201010:111 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-111
Published
2017-07-11
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