Study to Show Changes in Pulmonary Functions Due To Central Obesity
Keywords:
Pulmonary Function Tests, Central Obesity, Waist Circumference, Body Mass Index
Abstract
Background: Obesity is an important health problem in the world, but also growing fast in the developing countries like India. Specifically, central obesity is associated with greater health risk than lower body obesity. Obesity is measured using waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). The association between body mass index, waist circumference and dynamic pulmonary function test (PFT) varies in different populations and shows controversial results.Methods and Materials: Present study covered 150 healthy sedentary employees of age group (30-40) years, who worked in an air conditioned environment of a private motor vehicle centers at Jabalpur for a minimum of six years. Their anthropometric measurements- height, weight, waist-hip circumference, chest expansion are measured to calculate body mass index, waist-hip ratio and total body fat%. Spirometry was performed after informed consent in all these subjects. FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, PEFR, FEF 25-75 was recorded. Results: When PFT variables of low BMI and overweight BMI group was compared with that of normal BMI group, the result shows inverse relation between BMI, WC and FEV1/FVC which indicates an obstructive airway diseases and it would be worsen in genetically prone high BMI subjects. FEF25-75 varies proportionately with increasing BMI indicates deteriorating lung functions. Conclusions: An attempt was done to bring awareness about variation of lung functions with increase in BMI and WC. Life style modifications and interventions to keep BMI and WC at normal level might help us in moving forward for eradication of obesity and impairment of pulmonary functions.References
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2. Raida I. Harik-Khana, Robert A. Wiseb, Jerome L. Flega. The effect of gender on the relationship between body fat distribution and lung function. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology.2001; 54: 399–406
3. Ian Janssen, Peter T Katzmarzyk, and Robert Ross. Waist circumference and not body mass index explains obesity related health risk1–3 Am J Clin Nutr March 2004; 79 (3)379-384.
4. Yue Chen, Donna Rennie, Yvon F Cormier, and James Dosman. Waist circumference is associated with pulmonary function in normal-weight, overweight, and obese subjects. Am J Clin Nutr January 2007; 85(1); 35-39.
5. Heather M. Ochs-Balcom, Brydon J.B. Grant, Paola Muti, Christopher T. Sempos,Jo L. Freudenheim, Maurizio Trevisan, Patricia A. Cassano LiciaIacoviello, Holger J. Schunemann. Pulmonary Function and Abdominal Adiposity in the General Population.Chest.2006; 129(4):853-862
6. Cheryl M Salome, Gregory G King, Norbert Berend, Physiology of obesity and effects on lung function. J Appl Physiol.2010; 108:206-211.
7. Strachan DP. Ventilatory function, height, and mortality among abdominal obesity and respiratory function. Am J Epidemiol.2004; 159:1140–1149.
8. Carey IM, Cook DG, Strachan DP. The effects of adiposity and weight change on forced expiratory volume decline in a longitudinal study of adults. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.1999; 23: 979–985.
9. Chinn DJ, Cotes JE, Reed JW. Longitudinal effects of change in body mass on measurements of ventilatory capacity. Thorax.1996; 51: 699–704.
10. WHO: Global Database on Body Mass Index. BMI Classification. World Health Organization website.
11. Deurenberg P, Westrate JA, Seidell JC. Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. Br J Nutr.1991; 65(1):105-14.
12. Deurenberg P, Yap M, van Staveren WA. Body mass index and percent body fat.Ameta-analysis among different ethnic groups. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.1998; 22(12): 1164-71.
13. Wellens RJ, Roche AF, Khamis HJ, Jackson AS, Pollock ML, Siervogel RM. Relationships between body mass index and body composition. Obes Res. 1996; 4(1): 35- 44.
14. Shinohara, E., Kihara, S. and Yamashits, S. “Visceral fat accumulation as an important risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in obese patients”, Journal of Internal Medicine.1997; 24124: 11-88.
15. Chlif, M., Keochkerian, D., Mourlhon, C. (2005) “Non invasive assessment of the tension-time index of inspiratory muscles at rest in obese male subjects”, International Journal of Obesity. 2005; 29:1478-1483.
16. Rexrode KM, Carey VJ, Hennekens CH, et al. Abdominal adiposity and coronary heart disease in women. JAMA 1998; 280:1843-8.
17. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Body mass index, waist circumference, and health risk: evidence in support of current National Institutes of Health guidelines. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162:2074-9.
18. Chan JM, Rimm EB, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC. Obesity, fat distribution, and weight gain as risk factors for clinical diabetes in men. Diabetes Care 1994; 17:961-9.
19. Gutin B, Yin Z, Humphries MC, Barbeau P (2005). Relations of moderate and vigorous physical activity to fitness and fatness in adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 81:746–50.
20. Healy GN, Dunstan DW, Salmon J, CerinE, Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ, Owen N. Breaks in sedentary time: Beneficial associations with metabolic risk. Diabetes Care .2008; 31:661–666.
21. Ray C, Sue D, Bray G, Hansen J, Wasserman K. Effects of obesity on respiratory function. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 128:501–6.
22. Burki NK, Baker RW. Ventilatory regulation in eucapnic morbid obesity Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 129:538–43.
23. Schunemann HJ, Dorn J, Grant BJ, et al. Pulmonary function is a long-term predictor of mortality in the general population: 29- year follow-up of the Buffalo Health Study. Chest 2000; 118: 656–64.
24. Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, et al. Lung volumes and force ventilatory flows. Report Working Party Standardization of Lung Function Tests, European Community for Steel and Coal. Official Statement of the European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J Suppl 1993; 16:5–40.
25. M. Coleman. Teaching Corner: Adult Asthma in Malawi. Malawi Medical Journal. 2011; 23(1): 22-24.
26. UmeshPralhadrao Lad, VilasG. Jaltade, ShitalShisode-Lad, P. Satyanarayana. Correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Fat Percentage and Pulmonary Functions in Underweight, Overweight and Normal Weight Adolescents. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research.2012; 6(3):350-353.
27. Leila Yazdanpanah, FarzadShidfar, Ali JavadMoosavi, Hassan Heidarnazhad, Hamid Haghani. Energy and Protein Intake and Its Relationship with Pulmonary Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients. Acta Medica Iranica.2010; 48(6):374-379
Published
2018-02-16
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