Cystoscopic Biopsies of Bladder Neoplasms
A Snippet in Diagnosis
Keywords:
Bladder neoplasms, high grade, low grade, urothelial carcinoma
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary bladder neoplasms constitute an important source of clinical signs and symptoms which are more disabling than lethal. The present study aimed to study the prevalence of bladder neoplasms and to study the clinico-histomorphological features of various bladder neoplasms along with special emphasis on grading and staging of the bladder tumours. Materials and methods: The present study is a five years retrospective study. All patients who visited to urology outpatient department with lower urinary tract symptoms and obstructive bladder symptoms were subjected to cystoscopy. The detailed clinico-histomorphological features of cystoscopic biopsies are studied using WHO/ISUP 2004 histological grading and TNM staging were used in classifying the bladder tumours. Results: Out of 239 cystoscopic biopsies, the neoplastic lesions constituted 76.6% of the cases Among the neoplastic, benign lesions accounted for 12.9% of the cases and malignant lesions accounted for 83 % of the cases. Among the malignant lesions, urothelial carcinoma was the commonest accounting for 75.9% of the cases with increased prevalence of high grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (74.1%) and invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma accounting for 73.75% of the cases. Conclusions: The present study has stressed the importance of histopathological examination with special emphasis on the study of serial sections and the importance of inclusion of detrusor muscle in the biopsy for accurate grading and staging so as to decrease the morbidity and mortality and initiate the early management of bladder tumours.References
1.Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Hao Y, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2009;59:225-49.
2. Epstein JI. The lower urinary tract and male genital system. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, eds. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2004.p.1023-58.
3. Al-Samawi AS, ASM. Urinary bladder cancer in Yemen. Oman medical journal 2013;28:337-40.
4.Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N. The lower urinary tract and male genital system: Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders;2004.p.1026-36.
5. N Hussain, A Shumo, S Mekki, N Dawi, M Elsid. A clinicopathological study of urinary bladder neoplasms in patients at three centers in Khartoum, Sudan. Sudan Journal of medical science. 2009;4(3);249-55.
6. Laishram RS, Kipgen P, Laishram S, Khuraijam S, Sharma DC. Urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder in Manipur: A histopathological perspective. Asia Pacific J Cancer Prev,2012;13:2477-79.
7. Eble JN, Sauter G, Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA. Tumours of the urinary system, In: WHO classification of tumours- Pathology and genetics of tumours of the urinary system and male genital organs. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004.p.89-158.
8. Muhammed M, Javed I.K, Altaf H, Manzoor H, Syed A.N, Syed AHR. U. Urinary bladder tumours in sourthern Pakistan: A histopathological perspective. Middle east journal of cancer 2014; 5(3):167-73.
9. Reuter. VE. The pathology of bladder cancer. Urology 2006;67(3A):11-8.
10. Mubarak M. A step towards refining prognostication in individual patients with bladder cancer. Urology Ann 2013;5(2):85-7.
11. Mahul B Amin. AP110 Urinary bladder biopsy interpretation Part 1 [Internet]. Atlanta: College of American pathologist; 2004 [cited 2016 Jan 28]. Available from http://www.cap.org.
12. Vaidya S, Lakhey M, Sabira KC, Hirachand S. Urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder: A histopathological study of cystoscopic biopsies. J of Nepal Med. Assoc 2013; 52(191):475-8.
13. Matalka I, Bani-Hani K, Shotar A, Bani-Hani O, Bani-Hani I. Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathological study. Singapore Med J. 2008;49(10): 790-4.
14. Lim M, Adsay NV, Grignon D, Osunkoya AO. Urothelial carcinoma with villoglandular differentiation: a study of 14 cases. Mod Pathol. 2009;22(10):1280-6.
15. Hasan SM, Imtiaz F, Hasan SM. Frequency of transitional cell carcinoma in local suburban population of Karachi. JLUMHS 2007;83-85.
16. Vaibhav KG, Surendra PV, Dharm CK. Spectrum of lesions in urinary bladder biopsies: Histopathological study. Int J Dent Med Res 2015;1(6):42-6.
17. Mahesh K and BR Yelikar. Spectrum of lesions in cystoscopic bladder biopsies- A histopathological study. Al Ameen J Med Sci 2012;5(2):132-36.
18. Baidya R, Sigdel B, Baidya NL. Histopathological study of cystoscopic bladder biopsies.
Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2015) Vol. 5, 717-719.
19. Satya M, Chinnaswamy P. Urinary bladder ancer: A clinicopathological and histological
study. J Med Sci 2014;14:206-9.
20. Christopher HCH, Praveen S, Goh EH, Lee BC, Muhammad A et al. Clinicopathological
features of bladder tumours in a single institution in Malaysia. Asian pacific journal of
cancer prevention 2010;11:149-52.
2. Epstein JI. The lower urinary tract and male genital system. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, eds. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2004.p.1023-58.
3. Al-Samawi AS, ASM. Urinary bladder cancer in Yemen. Oman medical journal 2013;28:337-40.
4.Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N. The lower urinary tract and male genital system: Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders;2004.p.1026-36.
5. N Hussain, A Shumo, S Mekki, N Dawi, M Elsid. A clinicopathological study of urinary bladder neoplasms in patients at three centers in Khartoum, Sudan. Sudan Journal of medical science. 2009;4(3);249-55.
6. Laishram RS, Kipgen P, Laishram S, Khuraijam S, Sharma DC. Urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder in Manipur: A histopathological perspective. Asia Pacific J Cancer Prev,2012;13:2477-79.
7. Eble JN, Sauter G, Epstein JI, Sesterhenn IA. Tumours of the urinary system, In: WHO classification of tumours- Pathology and genetics of tumours of the urinary system and male genital organs. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004.p.89-158.
8. Muhammed M, Javed I.K, Altaf H, Manzoor H, Syed A.N, Syed AHR. U. Urinary bladder tumours in sourthern Pakistan: A histopathological perspective. Middle east journal of cancer 2014; 5(3):167-73.
9. Reuter. VE. The pathology of bladder cancer. Urology 2006;67(3A):11-8.
10. Mubarak M. A step towards refining prognostication in individual patients with bladder cancer. Urology Ann 2013;5(2):85-7.
11. Mahul B Amin. AP110 Urinary bladder biopsy interpretation Part 1 [Internet]. Atlanta: College of American pathologist; 2004 [cited 2016 Jan 28]. Available from http://www.cap.org.
12. Vaidya S, Lakhey M, Sabira KC, Hirachand S. Urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder: A histopathological study of cystoscopic biopsies. J of Nepal Med. Assoc 2013; 52(191):475-8.
13. Matalka I, Bani-Hani K, Shotar A, Bani-Hani O, Bani-Hani I. Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathological study. Singapore Med J. 2008;49(10): 790-4.
14. Lim M, Adsay NV, Grignon D, Osunkoya AO. Urothelial carcinoma with villoglandular differentiation: a study of 14 cases. Mod Pathol. 2009;22(10):1280-6.
15. Hasan SM, Imtiaz F, Hasan SM. Frequency of transitional cell carcinoma in local suburban population of Karachi. JLUMHS 2007;83-85.
16. Vaibhav KG, Surendra PV, Dharm CK. Spectrum of lesions in urinary bladder biopsies: Histopathological study. Int J Dent Med Res 2015;1(6):42-6.
17. Mahesh K and BR Yelikar. Spectrum of lesions in cystoscopic bladder biopsies- A histopathological study. Al Ameen J Med Sci 2012;5(2):132-36.
18. Baidya R, Sigdel B, Baidya NL. Histopathological study of cystoscopic bladder biopsies.
Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2015) Vol. 5, 717-719.
19. Satya M, Chinnaswamy P. Urinary bladder ancer: A clinicopathological and histological
study. J Med Sci 2014;14:206-9.
20. Christopher HCH, Praveen S, Goh EH, Lee BC, Muhammad A et al. Clinicopathological
features of bladder tumours in a single institution in Malaysia. Asian pacific journal of
cancer prevention 2010;11:149-52.
Published
2019-11-08
Issue
Section
Original Article
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access at http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html).
