Non-Neoplastic Testicular and Paratesticular Lesions
Study from A Remote Indian Island
Keywords:
Non neoplastic, torsion testis, Microlithiasis, paratesticular lesions, Appendix of Testis
Abstract
Background: Testicular and paratesticular lesions can represent a wide range of medical issues, from benign congenital conditions to life threatening malignancies and acute surgical emergencies. Most of the studies are done about the testicular tumors and very little literature is available about non-neoplastic lesions of testis and paratesticular tissue. Hence present study was undertaken to know the histomorphologic spectrum of nonneoplastic testicular and paratestesticuar lesions. Methods: This is a prospective study done over a three year period from Jan 2016 to Jan 2019 includes orchidectomy specimens and paratesticular tissue received for histopathological examination in the Department of Pathology of a newly established medical college on a remote Indian Island. Result: Total 51 orchidectomy specimens and two paratesticular tissues are received for histopathological examination. Out of 51 orchidectomy specimens; non neoplastic testicular lesions (94.1%) were far more common than neoplastic lesions (5.9%). The most common non-neoplastic testicular lesion was torsion testis (19/48=39.6%) and most cases were seen in first two decades. The youngest patient was 11 months and oldest was 42 years of age. Long standing hydrocele, Pyocele and haematocele were the second most common cause for orchidectomy, in forty plus age group. Undescended testis as cause comprised 7.6% of the total orchidectomy specimens. One case of Epididymal cyst was found. Two paratesticular tissues received. One specimen showed appendix of testis and was cause of recurrent epididymo- orchitis in 11 yrs old boy. Gubernaculum was found in another specimen in a case of vanishing testis syndrome. Neoplasms formed a miniscule proportion – only three cases were diagnosed. Conclusion: Nonneoplastic lesions are more common than neoplastic lesions. Torsion testis was the commonest indication for orchidectomy in younger age group while hydrocele, pyocele and chronic haematocele were the common causes in older patients. Appendixes of testis, gubernaculum of vanishing testis, epididymal cyst as non-neoplastic paratesticular lesions found in few cases.References
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2. Devi TS, Nirmala BV, Srivani N, Kumar OS. Spectrum of orchidectomy lesions: 5 yrs study. Journal of Evidence based Medicine and Healthcare; 2015;26(2):3880-92.
3. Deore KS, Patel MB, Gohil RP, Delvadiya KN, Goswami HM. Histopathological analysis of testicular tumours: A 4-year experience. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2015 Apr 1;4(4):554-7.
4. Sharma M, Mahajan V, Suri J, Kaul KK. Histopathological spectrum of testicular lesions-A retrospective study. Indian J Pathol Oncol. 2017;4(3):437-41.
5. Charak A, Ahmed I, Sahaf BR, Qadir R, Rather AR. Clinico-pathological spectrum of testicular and paratesticular lesions: a retrospective study. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2018;6(9):3120-3.
6. Baidya R, Sigdel B, Baidya NL. Histopathological pattern of testicular lesion. Journal of Pathology of Nepal. 2017; 7(1):1087-90.
7. Patel MB, Goswami HM, Parikh UR, Mehta N. Histo-pathological study of testicular lesions. Gujrat Med J. 2015;70(1):41-6.
8. Sharp VJ, Kieran K, Arlen AM. Testicular torsion: diagnosis, evaluation, and management. Am Fam Physician 2013; 88(12):835-40.
10. Mikuz G. Testicular torsion: simple grading for histological evaluation of tissue damage. Applied pathology. 1985;3(3):134-9.
11. Davol P, Simmons J. Testicular torsion in a 68 year old man. Urology. 2005; 66(1):195–7.
12. Renshaw AA. Testicular calcifications: incidence, histology and proposed pathological criteria for testicular microlithiasis. The Journal of urology.1998;160(5):1625-8.
13. Ganem JP, Workman KR, Shaban SF. Testicular microlithiasis is associated with testicular pathology. Urology 1999;53(1):209-13.
14. Furness PD, Husmann DA, Brock JW, Steinhardt GF, Bukowski TP, Freedman AL, Silver RI, Cheng EY. Multi-institutional study of testicular microlithiasis in childhood: a benign or premalignant condition? The Journal of urology.1998 ;160(2):1151-4.
15. Guzmán PM, Hita GV, Fernández TA, Miñana BL, Martínez FD, Sánchez FG. et al Significance and management of testicular microlithiasis. Archivos espanoles de urologia. 2003 ;56(5):472-7.
16. Kappikeri VS, Thalasta P. Clinical study and analysis of orchidectomies done at Basaveshwara Teaching and General Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India. International Surgery Journal. 2016 ;3(3):1460-4.
17. Babakri MM. Chronic scrotal hematocele: a rare entity and diagnostic dilemma. Urol Nephrol Open Access J. 2017;4(5):00142.
18. Koni A, Ozseker HS, Arpali E, Kilinc E, Dogan HS, Akyol A, Tekgul S. Histopathological evaluation of orchiectomy specimens in 51 late postpubertal men with unilateral cryptorchidism. The Journal of urology. 2014 1;192(4):1183-8.
19. Spires SE, Woolums CS, Pulito AR, Spires SM. Testicular regression syndrome: a clinical and pathologic study of 11 cases. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine. 2000 ;124(5):694-8.
20. Pirgon Ö, Dündar BN. Vanishing testes: a literature review. Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology. 2012 ;4(3):116-20
21. Mathew M. Testicular regression syndrome: Useful diagnostic approach. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2018;17(1):07-10.
22. Reddy H, Chawda H, Dombale VD. Histomorphological analysis of testicular lesions. Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology.2016;3(4);558-63
23. Abba K, Tahir MB, Dogo HM, Nggada HA. Testicular and Paratesticular Non-Neoplastic lesions in University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital: A 10-year Retrospective Review. Bo Med J. 2016;13(1):39-44.
24. Khandeparkar SG, Pinto RG. Histopathological spectrum of tumor and tumor-like lesions of the paratestis in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Oman medical journal. 2015;30(6):461-8.
25. Gaikwad Sheela L, Patki Supriya P. Clinicopathological study of testicular and paratesticular lesions. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2017;4(3):610-3
26. Skoglund RW, Mcroberts JW, Ragde H. Torsion of testicular appendages: presentation of 43 new cases and a collective review. The Journal of urology. 1970 ;104(4):598-600.
27. Samnakay N, Cohen RJ, Orford J, King PA, Davies RJ. Androgen and oestrogen receptor status of the human appendix testis. Pediatric surgery international. 2003;19(7):520-4.
Published
2020-04-29
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