Ano-rectal Melanoma: A Rare Case Report
Keywords:
anorectal melanoma, immunohistochemistry, biopsy
Abstract
Ano-rectal melanoma is extremely rare and has dismal prognosis when compared to cutaneous melanomas. It presents as ano-rectal mass and patients usually complain of passing blood in stools. Being, a highly aggressive neoplasm, widespread metastasis is common, which can be seen even at the time of diagnosis. Here, we present a case report of ano-rectal melanoma in a 40-year old male, who presented with complaints of anal growth since one month. Initially, a clinical diagnosis of rectal carcinoma was suspected. However, biopsy of the growth showed histomorphological features of melanoma, which were confirmed on immunohistochemistry.References
1. Van Shaik PM, Ernst MF, Meijer HA, Bosscha K. Melanoma of the rectum: a rare entity. World J Gastroenterol 2008;14:1633-5.
2. Reid A, Dettrick A, Oakenful C, Lambrianides AL. Primary rectal melanoma. JCSR 2011;11:2.
3. Chang AE, Karnell LH, Menck HR. The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: a summary of 84,836 cases from the past decade. The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society. Cancer 1998; 83:1664-1678.
4. Zhang S, Gao F, Wan D. Effect of misdiagnosis on the prognosis of anorectal malignant melanoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2010; 136:1401–1405.
5. Dominiak NR, Wick M, Smith T. Mucosal melanomas: Site-specific information, comparisons with cutaneous tumors, and differential diagnosis. Sem Diag Path 2016; 33: 191-7.
6. Correia M, Amonkar D, Ramani A, Desousa R. Anal melanoma-a case report and review of literature. Internet J Surg. 2009;19:13.
7. Morson BC, Volkstadt H. Malignant melanoma of the anal canal. J Clin Path 1963; 16:126.
8. Postow MA, Hamid O, Carvajal RD. Mucosal Melanoma: Pathogenesis, Clinical Behavior, and Management. Curr Oncol Rep (2012) 14:441–448.
9. Thibault C, Sagar P, Nivatrongs S, Ilstrup DM, Wolff BE.Anorectal melanoma--an incurable disease? Dis Colon Rectum. 1997; 40: 661-668.
10. Singer M, Mutch MG. Anal melanoma. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2006;19:78–87.
11. Chute DJ, Cousar JB, Mills SE. Anorectal malignant melanoma: morphologic and immunohistochemical features. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006;126:93–100Hillenbrand A, Barth TF, Henne-Bruns D, Formentini A. Anorectal amelanotic melanoma. Colorectal Dis. 2008;10:612–615.
12. Banerjee SS, Harris M. Morphological and immunophenotypic variations in malignant melanoma. Histopathology. 2000;36:387–402.
13. Hillenbrand A, Barth TF, Henne-Bruns D, Formentini A: Anorectal amelanotic melanoma. Colorectal Dis 2008;10:612–615.
14. Gatter KC, Ralfkiaer E, Skinner J, et al. An immunocytochemical study of malignant melanoma and its differential diagnosis from other malignant tumors. J Clin Pathol. 1985;38:1353–1357.
15. Olinici CD, Muntean IL, Resiga LI, Crişan DO. Anorectal melanoma. Case report and review of the literature. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2007;48(3):299-302.
16. Negbenebor NA, Edward Feller MD. A rare case of amelanotic anorectal melanoma. Rhode Island Medical Journal. 2017 Sep 1;100(9):31.
17. Patrick RJ, Fenske NA, Messina JL. Primary Mucosal Melano¬ma. J Am Acad Derm 2007; 56 (5): 828-34
18. Ben-Izhak O., Bar-Chana M.,Sussman L., Dobiner V., Sandbank J., Cagnano M., Cohen H., Sabo E., Ki67 antigen and PCNA proliferation markers predict survival in anorectal malignant melanoma, Histopathology, 2002, 41(6):519–525.
2. Reid A, Dettrick A, Oakenful C, Lambrianides AL. Primary rectal melanoma. JCSR 2011;11:2.
3. Chang AE, Karnell LH, Menck HR. The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: a summary of 84,836 cases from the past decade. The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society. Cancer 1998; 83:1664-1678.
4. Zhang S, Gao F, Wan D. Effect of misdiagnosis on the prognosis of anorectal malignant melanoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2010; 136:1401–1405.
5. Dominiak NR, Wick M, Smith T. Mucosal melanomas: Site-specific information, comparisons with cutaneous tumors, and differential diagnosis. Sem Diag Path 2016; 33: 191-7.
6. Correia M, Amonkar D, Ramani A, Desousa R. Anal melanoma-a case report and review of literature. Internet J Surg. 2009;19:13.
7. Morson BC, Volkstadt H. Malignant melanoma of the anal canal. J Clin Path 1963; 16:126.
8. Postow MA, Hamid O, Carvajal RD. Mucosal Melanoma: Pathogenesis, Clinical Behavior, and Management. Curr Oncol Rep (2012) 14:441–448.
9. Thibault C, Sagar P, Nivatrongs S, Ilstrup DM, Wolff BE.Anorectal melanoma--an incurable disease? Dis Colon Rectum. 1997; 40: 661-668.
10. Singer M, Mutch MG. Anal melanoma. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2006;19:78–87.
11. Chute DJ, Cousar JB, Mills SE. Anorectal malignant melanoma: morphologic and immunohistochemical features. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006;126:93–100Hillenbrand A, Barth TF, Henne-Bruns D, Formentini A. Anorectal amelanotic melanoma. Colorectal Dis. 2008;10:612–615.
12. Banerjee SS, Harris M. Morphological and immunophenotypic variations in malignant melanoma. Histopathology. 2000;36:387–402.
13. Hillenbrand A, Barth TF, Henne-Bruns D, Formentini A: Anorectal amelanotic melanoma. Colorectal Dis 2008;10:612–615.
14. Gatter KC, Ralfkiaer E, Skinner J, et al. An immunocytochemical study of malignant melanoma and its differential diagnosis from other malignant tumors. J Clin Pathol. 1985;38:1353–1357.
15. Olinici CD, Muntean IL, Resiga LI, Crişan DO. Anorectal melanoma. Case report and review of the literature. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2007;48(3):299-302.
16. Negbenebor NA, Edward Feller MD. A rare case of amelanotic anorectal melanoma. Rhode Island Medical Journal. 2017 Sep 1;100(9):31.
17. Patrick RJ, Fenske NA, Messina JL. Primary Mucosal Melano¬ma. J Am Acad Derm 2007; 56 (5): 828-34
18. Ben-Izhak O., Bar-Chana M.,Sussman L., Dobiner V., Sandbank J., Cagnano M., Cohen H., Sabo E., Ki67 antigen and PCNA proliferation markers predict survival in anorectal malignant melanoma, Histopathology, 2002, 41(6):519–525.
Published
2020-07-30
Issue
Section
Case Report
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access at http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html).
