Analysis of Reasons for Discard of Blood and Blood Components in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India

  • Deepika Mani Dept. of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Vinayaka Missions Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College and Hospital
  • Megala C Dept. of Pathology, Vinayaka Missions Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College and Hospital
  • Thamil Selvi R Dept. of Pathology, Vinayaka Missions Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College and Hospital
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21276/apalm.2815
Keywords: Discard rate, Packed Red Cells (PRC), Fresh frozen plasma (FFP), Platelet concentrate(PC), Transfusion transmitted infections (TTI), self audit

Abstract

Background: Blood transfusion is an important and essential constituent of present health-care delivery system. Millions of lives are saved every year in regular and emergency situations by the accessibility of safe blood transfusion services. This emphasizes the need for proper utilization of blood and its components with preferably “NO” or minimal wastage. The aim of this study was to find out causes for discarding blood and blood components.   Methods: Retrospective analysis was carried out at Vinayaka Missions Medical College and Hospital Blood Bank from October 1st, 2018 to October 31st, 2019.   Results: The total number of donors from whom blood was collected during this study period was 2522. Out of which 2507 units of components were prepared. The overall discard rate of blood and its components was 5.95%. Among those 5 (33.33%) whole blood, 28 (1.25%) packed red blood cell concentrate, 93 (4.16%) fresh frozen plasma, 157 (57.51%) platelet concentrate were discarded. The common causes of discarding blood components were due to expiry date 211 (74.56%), 30 (10.60%) were due to sero-reactivity for transfusion transmitted infections, 23 (8.13%) due to leakage of components, 13 (4.59%) due to low volume and other causes were 6 (2.12%).   Conclusion: Blood being irreplaceable source, discard rate can be reduced by proper counselling of blood donors, conducting donor screening, adhering to strict donor deferral criteria, notification and counselling of permanently deferred donors. Properly implementing blood transfusion policies will help to utilize the blood components in a proper way, thus resulting in discarding a smaller number of blood bags due to expiry. Continued medical education for technicians with regards to maintenance of proper stock, quality indicators, review of blood management system will further help in reducing discard rate.

References

1. Mahapatra S, Sahoo BB, Ray GK, Mishra D, Panigrahi R, Parida P. Discard of blood and blood components with study of causes –A good manufacture practice;2017,3(2),172-175.
2. World Health Organization. Developing a National Policy and Guidelines on the clinical use of blood. Recommendations .Geneva. WHO 2009.
3. Newman B. Blood donor suitability and donation complications. Handbook of Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine. 2006:27-35.
4. Saxena S, Weiner JM, Rabinowitz A, et al. Transfusion practice in medical patients. Arch Intern Med. 1993 Nov 22;153(22):2575-80.
5. Saran RK. Transfusion Medicine Technical Manual. 2nd ed. Drugs Controller General, India. Directorate General of Health Services, Government of India. 2003
6. National AIDS Control Organization. Standards for blood banks and blood transfusion services. New Delhi, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. 2007
7. World Health Organization. Quality systems for blood safety: introductory module guidelines and principles for safe blood transfusion practice. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2002;65-75
8. Sharma N, Kaushik S, Kumar R. Causes of wastage of blood and blood components: A retrospective analysis. IOSR J Dent Med Sci 2015: 13: 59-61
9. Bobde V, Parate S, Kumbhalkar D. Analysis of discard of whole blood and blood components in government hospital blood bank in central India. J Evid Based Med Healthc 2015;2:1215-9
10. Suresh B, SreedharBabu KV, Arun R, Chandramouli P, Jothibai DS. Reasons for discarding whole blood and its components in a tertiary care teaching hospital blood bank in South India. J ClinSci Res 2015;4:213-9
11. Deb P, Swarup D, Singh MM. Two corps blood supply unit, 56 APO audit of blood requisition. Med J Armed Forces India 2001:57:35-8.
12. Chitnis V, Vaidya K, Chitnis DS. Biomedical waste in laboratory medicine:Audit and management. Indian J Med Microbiol 2005;23:6-13
13. Thakare MM, Dixit JV, Goel NK. Reasons for discarding blood from blood bank of Government Medical College, Aurangabad. Asian J TransfusSci 2011;5:59-60
14. Ghaflez MB, Omeir KH, Far JM, Saki N, Maatoghi TJ, Naderpour M. Study of rate and causes of blood components discard among Ahwaz's hospital. Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ 2014;11:197-206.
15. Kumar A, Sharma SM, Ingole NS, Gangue N. Analysis of reasons for discarding blood and blood components in a blood bank of tertiary care hospital in central India: A prospective study. Into J Med Public Health 2014;4:72-4
16. Patel P, Bake A, Hirable K. Analysis of discard of whole blood and its components with suggested possible strategies to reduce it. Int J Res Med Sci 2016;4:477-81
Published
2020-09-25
Issue
Vol 7 No 9 (2020)
Section
Original Article

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access at http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html).