Spectrum of Malignant Lymphoma in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North Eastern India
Keywords:
Malignant Lymphoma, Non Hodgkins Lymphoma, Hodgkins Lymphomas, Diffuse large B cellLymphoma, Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry.
Abstract
Background: The term malignant Lymphomas embrace a variable group of Proliferative diseases that originate in the Lymph node or extra nodal Lymphatic Tissue. It constitutes 3.69% of all Malignancies World Wide. The incidence of Lymphoma exhibits a marked Geographic variation in the World.Methods: The study included58 patients who were histologically diagnosed as Malignant lymphomas in our hospital, the paraffin embedded blocks of these cases were evaluated by a panel of immunohistochemistry markers by taking proper controls and using the standard protocol. Statistical analysis were performed by SPSS software.Results: Out of the 58 cases of Malignant Lymphoma 47 were diagnosed as Non Hodgkins Lymphoma and 11 cases (19%) as Hodgkins Lymphoma. Of these 58 cases of Malignant Lymphoma, adults were 51 and paediatric cases were 7, male female ratio was 2.6:1 and Non Hodgkins Lymphoma was Commoner. B cell Lymphomas were the predominant type accounts for 74.5% of all Non Hodgkins Lymphoma cases of these B cell Lymphomas Diffuse large B cell Lymphoma was the Predominant type.Among the T cell Lymphomas Anaplastic large cell Lymphoma was the commonest subtype. Nodular Sclerosis Cases were seen most commonly in the Hodgkins Category. Extra nodal Lymphomas were also seen in 35.6% cases with Tonsil being the commonest site.Conclusion: Non Hodgkins Lymphoma was significantly more common in this region and diffuse large B cell Lymphoma was the predominant type. A combination of Histopathology and a Meticulous Immunohistochemistry helps in properly solving the diagnostic challenges.DOI:10.21276/APALM.1631References
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13. Sukpanichnant S, Sonakul D, Piankijagum A, Wanachiwanawin W, Veerakul G, Mahasandana C, et al. Malignant lymphoma in Thailand. Changes in the frequency of malignant lymphoma determined from a histopathologic and immunophenotypic analysis of 425 cases at Siriraj Hospital. Cancer 1998:83;1197-1204.
14. Yin H F, Li T, Li J X. Retrospective analysis of 304 cases of malignant lymphomas in pathology. Study and practice of the WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2003; 83:18 1556-60.
15. Balasubramaniam G, Saoba S, Sarade M, Pinjare S, et al. Case-control study of Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Mumbai, India. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 2013; 14 (2): 775-780.
16. Bhardwaj A, Kishore S, Kusum A. Comparative Analysis of the Distribution of Various Subtypes of Lymphoma Malignancies in Uttarakhand with other Regions in India. Indian Medical Gazette. 2012; April: 147-152.
17. Naresh KN, Srinivas V, Soman CS. Distribution of various subtypes of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in India: A study of 2773 lymphomas using R.E.A.L. and WHO Classifications. Annals of Oncology. 2000; 11: 63-67.
18. Roy A, Kar R, Basu D, Badhe B A. Spectrum of histopathologic diagnosis of lymph node biopsies: A descriptive study from a tertiary care centre in South India over 5 and ½ years IJPM- 2013; 5 6 (2):103-108.
19. Baris D, Zahm S H. Epidemiology of lymphomas. Current Opinion in Oncology. 2000; 12(5): 383-394.
2. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Diseases of White Blood Cells, Lymph Nodes, Spleen and Thymus. In V Kumar, A K Abbas, J C Aster. Robins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease, South Asia ed. New Delhi: Reed Elsevier India Private Limited; 2015 : 579-611.
3. Mac Mohan B. Epidemiology of Hodgkins disease. Cancer Res. 1966; 26: 1189-1200.
4. Ioachim HL, Jeffrey L. Hodgkins Lymphoma In H L Ioachim, L Jeffrey. Ioachims’s Lymph node pathology. Texas: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008: 327-354.
5. Sriwatanawongasa V, Cardoso R, Chang P. Incidence of malignancy in peripheral lymph node biopsy. Am Surg 1985; 51 (10): 587-90.
6. Rosai J. Lymph nodes. In: Rosai Jeffrey, L Myers, John R. Goldblum, Laura W. Lamps. Rosai and Ackerman’s Surgical Pathology. 10thed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2011: 1877-2018.
7. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, et al. The 2016 revision of the World health organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 2016; 127(20): 2375-2387.
8. Campo E, Swerdlow S H, Harris N L, Pileri S, Stein H, Jaffe E S. The 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms and beyond: evolving concepts and practical applications. Blood. 2011; 117(19): 5019-5032.
9. Turner J J, Hughes A M, Kricker A, Milliken S, Grulich A, Kaldor J, et al. Use of the WHO lymphoma classification in a population-based epidemiological study. Ann Oncol. 2004; 15: 631-7.
10. Chan J K, Roding S. Tumors of the lymphoreticular system: In Christopher D. M. Fletcher. Diagnostic histopathology of tumors, 4th ed. Churchill Living stone Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2013; 1343-1525
11. Deka MK, Talukdar A, Tapkire R, Kanan R. Malignant Lymphoma in the Southern part of North East India A Retrospective analysis of 101 cases. Journal of Science; 2015:5; 1256-1258.
12. Mandal SK, Mondal PK, Roy S D, Chattopadhyay S, Roy S, Biswas P K. Malignant lymphoma in Eastern India: A retrospective analysis of 455 cases according to World Health Organisation classification. Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. 2013:34;242-246.
13. Sukpanichnant S, Sonakul D, Piankijagum A, Wanachiwanawin W, Veerakul G, Mahasandana C, et al. Malignant lymphoma in Thailand. Changes in the frequency of malignant lymphoma determined from a histopathologic and immunophenotypic analysis of 425 cases at Siriraj Hospital. Cancer 1998:83;1197-1204.
14. Yin H F, Li T, Li J X. Retrospective analysis of 304 cases of malignant lymphomas in pathology. Study and practice of the WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2003; 83:18 1556-60.
15. Balasubramaniam G, Saoba S, Sarade M, Pinjare S, et al. Case-control study of Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Mumbai, India. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev, 2013; 14 (2): 775-780.
16. Bhardwaj A, Kishore S, Kusum A. Comparative Analysis of the Distribution of Various Subtypes of Lymphoma Malignancies in Uttarakhand with other Regions in India. Indian Medical Gazette. 2012; April: 147-152.
17. Naresh KN, Srinivas V, Soman CS. Distribution of various subtypes of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in India: A study of 2773 lymphomas using R.E.A.L. and WHO Classifications. Annals of Oncology. 2000; 11: 63-67.
18. Roy A, Kar R, Basu D, Badhe B A. Spectrum of histopathologic diagnosis of lymph node biopsies: A descriptive study from a tertiary care centre in South India over 5 and ½ years IJPM- 2013; 5 6 (2):103-108.
19. Baris D, Zahm S H. Epidemiology of lymphomas. Current Opinion in Oncology. 2000; 12(5): 383-394.
Published
2018-03-22
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