India’s Hidden Disease: Retrospective Study Of Hansen Disease In A Tertiary Care Hospital
Keywords:
Leprosy, tuberculoid leprosy, lepromatous leprosy, Hansen, Ridley-Jopling classification
Abstract
Background:Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. There are various clinico-pathological forms of leprosy depending on the immune status of the host. Diagnosis of leprosy can be done by clinical, microbiological and histopathological examination. Histopathological examination is considered as important for confirmatory diagnosis, for assessment of the disease in patient’s under treatment and also for research purposesMethods:A total of 28 skin biopsies of leprosy patients were studied in the Department of Pathology in Saveetha medical college over 7 year’s duration (2008 – 2015). A Ridley Jopling classification was used for the diagnosis and classification of the disease. All biopsies were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Fite faraco. Clinico-histopathological correlation was doneResult:In this study, number of males (23cases) (82%) were more than the number of females (5 cases) (18%) Mean age of patients was 40 years. The Most common presentation of the lesion was hypopigmented macule involving two areas (13cases). Among 28 cases maximum cases were classified as borderline tuberculoid leprosy (8cases) (28.6%) and least number of cases classified as histiod leprosy (1 case) (3.6%). Fite faraco stain was positive for 3 cases in tuberculoid spectrum and 9 cases in lepromatous spectrum.Conclusion: The current primary goal is early diagnosis of this disease in order to interrupt the transmission by early treatment. Histopathological examination is gold standard in confirmation of its diagnosis and its classification. As new immerging technique become available for the early diagnosis of leprosy, skin biopsies will continue to compliment these for providing more insights into the pathology of this disease.DOI: 10.21276/APALM.1671References
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Clinicohistopathological Correlation in Leprosy Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;36(4):248-51.
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14. Lakshmy R, Samad KA, Nandakumar G, et al. A study of clinico-pathological concordance in patients with Hansen’s disease across the spectrum. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2017;6(49):3742-5.
15. Nadkarni NS, Rege VL. Significance of histopathological classification in leprosy. Ind J Lepr 1999;71:325-32.
16. Mitra K, Biswas S, Saha B, Dasgupta A. Correlation between clinical and Histopathological criteria for the classification of Leprosy. Ind J Dermatol 46(3):135-7.
2. Jay, V. The legacy of Armauer Hansen. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2000;124(4):496–497.
3. Singh A, Xiaoman Weng and Indira Nath (2011). Skin Biopsy in Leprosy, Skin Biopsy - Perspectives, Dr. Uday Khopkar (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-290-6, InTech, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/skin-biopsy-perspectives/skin-biopsy-in-leprosy
4. Tiwari M, Ranabhat S, Maharjan S. Clinicohistopathological correlation of leprosy: A retrospective study of skin biopsy specimens in Chitwan Medical College. Inter J Medical Sci Res Prac 2015;2(1):8-11.
5. National Leprosy Eradication Program (NLEP). NLEP - Annual report for the year 2015-16. Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi: Central Leprosy Division, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (GoI); 2016. Available from: http://nlep.nic.in/pdf/revised%20annual%20report%2031st%20March%202015-16.pdf
6. Shoba KL, Prakash CJ. Clinico-Histopathological Study of Leprosy. International Journal of Scientific Study 2015;3(1):94-98.
7. Manandhar U, Adhikari RC, Sayami G. Clinico-histopathological correlation of skin biopsies in leprosy. Journal of Pathology of Nepal 2013;3:452–458.
8. Bijjaragi S, Kulkarni V, Suresh KK, Chatura KR and Kumar P. Correlation of clinical and histopathological classification of Leprosy in post elimination era. Indian J Lepr 2012;84:271-275.
9. Mathur MC, Ghimire RBK, Shrestha P, Kedia SK.
Clinicohistopathological Correlation in Leprosy Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;36(4):248-51.
10. Banushree CS, Bhat RV, Udayashankar C. Clinicopathological correlation of Hansen’s disease: a retrospective study of skin Biopsies. Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology 2016;3(3);491-495.
11. Bommakanti J, Putta S, Gokhale S. Histopathological Relevance in Clinical Spectrum of Hansen’s Disease. Journal of medical science and clinical research 2016;4(12): 14678-84.
12. Sharma A, Sharma RK, KC Goswami KC, Baradwaj S. Clinicohistological correlation of leprosy. JK Science 2008;10:120-4.
13. Pandya AN, Tailor HJ. Clinicohistopathological correlation of leprosy. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2008;74(2):174-6.
14. Lakshmy R, Samad KA, Nandakumar G, et al. A study of clinico-pathological concordance in patients with Hansen’s disease across the spectrum. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2017;6(49):3742-5.
15. Nadkarni NS, Rege VL. Significance of histopathological classification in leprosy. Ind J Lepr 1999;71:325-32.
16. Mitra K, Biswas S, Saha B, Dasgupta A. Correlation between clinical and Histopathological criteria for the classification of Leprosy. Ind J Dermatol 46(3):135-7.
Published
2018-01-28
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