Splenogonadal fusion: a rare case report
Keywords:
Splenogonadal fusion, Orchidopexy, Amelia, Cryptorchidism
Abstract
Splenogonadal fusion is a rare malformation consisting of an abnormal connection between the spleen and the gonad. Splenogonadal fusion has been classified into two types: continuous and discontinuous. The majority of the cases present as scrotal mass, scrotal tenderness or as clinical suspicion of testicular pathology, some cases are found incidentally during herniotomy or orchidopexy procedure, this report tries to highlight a case of discontinuous splenogonadal fusion found incidentally during orchidectomy in a 13- months-old male with tetra Amelia.References
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9. Sneath WA. An apparent third testicle consisting of a scrotal spleen. J Anat Physiol.1913;47:340-342.
10. Gouw AS, Elema JD, Bink-Boelkens MT, et al. The spectrum of splenogonadal fusion. Case report and re-view of 84 reported cases. Eur J Pediatr. 1985; 144: 316-23.
11. Von Hochstetter A. Milzgewebe im linken Ovarium des linken Individualteiles eines menschlichen Thora-copagus. Virchows Arch. 1953;324:36-54.
12. Li WF, Luan MX, Ma Z and Chen YJ. Splenogonadal fusion:Report of four cases and review of the litera-ture.2013;6:816-818.
13. Khairat AB, Ismail AM. Splenogonadal fusion: case presentation and literature review. J Pediatric Surg. 2005;40:1357-60.
14. Guarin U, Dimitrieva Z, Ashley SJ. Spleno-gonadal fusion. Brunei Int Med J.2011;7(2):101-103
15. Lipsonn AH. Amelia of the arms and femur/fibula deficiency with splenogonadal fusion in a child born to a consanguineous couple. Am J Med Genet 1995;55: 265-8
16. Mushett, C. W. Elektive Differenzierungsstorungen des Zentralnervensystems am Hiihnchenkeim nach kurzfristigem Sauerstoffmangel. Beitr. z. path. Anat. u. z. aUlg. Path., I953, II3, 367-387.
17. Varma DR, Sirineni GR, Rao MV, et al. Sonographic and CT features of splenogonadal fusion. Pediatr Radiol. 2007;37:916-919.
18. Schneck FX, Bellinger MF. Abnormalities of the testis and scrotum and their management. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, edi-tors. Campbell-Walsh urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. p. 3761-98.
19. Stewart VR, Sellars ME, Somers S, Muir GH and Sidhu PS: Splenogonadal fusion: B-mode and color Doppler sonographic appearances. J Ultrasound Med. 2004; 23: 1087-1090.
20. Netto JM, Pérez LM, Kelly DR, Joseph DB and Royal SA: Splenogonadal fusion diagnosed by Doppler ul-trasonography. Scientific World Journal.2004; 4: 253-257.
21. Li YH: Preoperative detection of splenogonadal fusion by CT. Surg Radiol Anat. 2009;31:733-735.
22. Alalayet YF, Mansoor K, Shiba NA, Khan AM and Al Kasim F: Splenogonadal fusion. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2008;18: 342-344.
23. Papparella A, Nino F, Coppola S, Donniacono D and Parmeggiani P: Laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of splenogonadal fusion: case report. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2011; 21: 203-204.
2. Hock BC, Spleno-gonadal fusion.2011;7:101-3
3. Pommer, G. Verwachsung des linken kryptorchischen Hodens und Nebenhodensmit der Milz in einer Miss-geburt mit zahlreichen Bildungsdefecten. Ber. d. naturw.-med. Ver. in Innsbruck, I887/I889;I7-19:I44-8.
4. Putschar WG, Manion WC. Splenicgonadal fusion. Am J Pathol. 1956;32:15-33.
5. Rena DM and Dennis BL.Splenogonadal Fusion: An unusual case of an acute scrotum.Rev Urol. 2013; 15:197-201
6. Carragher AM. One hundred years of splenogonadal fusion. Urology. 1990;35:471-5.
7. Sabin, F. R. The Development of the Spleen. In: Manual of Human Embryology, Keibel, F., and Mall, F. P. (eds.). J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia,I9I2, 2, 745-5I
8. Felix, W. The Development of the Urinogenital Or-gans. In: Manual of Human Embryology, Keibel, F., and Mall, F. P. (eds.). J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, I912, 2, 752-979.
9. Sneath WA. An apparent third testicle consisting of a scrotal spleen. J Anat Physiol.1913;47:340-342.
10. Gouw AS, Elema JD, Bink-Boelkens MT, et al. The spectrum of splenogonadal fusion. Case report and re-view of 84 reported cases. Eur J Pediatr. 1985; 144: 316-23.
11. Von Hochstetter A. Milzgewebe im linken Ovarium des linken Individualteiles eines menschlichen Thora-copagus. Virchows Arch. 1953;324:36-54.
12. Li WF, Luan MX, Ma Z and Chen YJ. Splenogonadal fusion:Report of four cases and review of the litera-ture.2013;6:816-818.
13. Khairat AB, Ismail AM. Splenogonadal fusion: case presentation and literature review. J Pediatric Surg. 2005;40:1357-60.
14. Guarin U, Dimitrieva Z, Ashley SJ. Spleno-gonadal fusion. Brunei Int Med J.2011;7(2):101-103
15. Lipsonn AH. Amelia of the arms and femur/fibula deficiency with splenogonadal fusion in a child born to a consanguineous couple. Am J Med Genet 1995;55: 265-8
16. Mushett, C. W. Elektive Differenzierungsstorungen des Zentralnervensystems am Hiihnchenkeim nach kurzfristigem Sauerstoffmangel. Beitr. z. path. Anat. u. z. aUlg. Path., I953, II3, 367-387.
17. Varma DR, Sirineni GR, Rao MV, et al. Sonographic and CT features of splenogonadal fusion. Pediatr Radiol. 2007;37:916-919.
18. Schneck FX, Bellinger MF. Abnormalities of the testis and scrotum and their management. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, edi-tors. Campbell-Walsh urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. p. 3761-98.
19. Stewart VR, Sellars ME, Somers S, Muir GH and Sidhu PS: Splenogonadal fusion: B-mode and color Doppler sonographic appearances. J Ultrasound Med. 2004; 23: 1087-1090.
20. Netto JM, Pérez LM, Kelly DR, Joseph DB and Royal SA: Splenogonadal fusion diagnosed by Doppler ul-trasonography. Scientific World Journal.2004; 4: 253-257.
21. Li YH: Preoperative detection of splenogonadal fusion by CT. Surg Radiol Anat. 2009;31:733-735.
22. Alalayet YF, Mansoor K, Shiba NA, Khan AM and Al Kasim F: Splenogonadal fusion. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2008;18: 342-344.
23. Papparella A, Nino F, Coppola S, Donniacono D and Parmeggiani P: Laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of splenogonadal fusion: case report. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2011; 21: 203-204.
Published
2015-01-31
Issue
Section
Case Report
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