Cyto-Morphological, Biochemical and Radiological Correlation of Various Thyroid Lesions at a Tertiary Care Center
Keywords:
Cytomorphologic correlation, Thyroid FNAC, Thyroid lesions, USG Thyroid
Abstract
Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a cost-effective and time saving diagnostic test used to specifically distinguish between benign and malignant lesions by cytology. Aim: To evaluate the cytomorphological pattern, thyroid hormone profile and radiological findings in early detection of various thyroid diseases. Objective: To correlate the findings of FNAC, thyroid hormone profile and radiological features in diagnosis of various thyroid lesions Methods: 100 patients with thyroid swellings underwent FNAC along with complete thyroid hormone profile& USG Thyroid. Result: 93 female and 7 male patients were evaluated. Mean age of patients was 38.62±14.2. Ninety-four patients had non-neoplastic and 6 had neoplastic lesions. Colloid goiter was the predominant group among non-neoplastic lesions, followed by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis whereas follicular neoplasm was seen more frequently among neoplastic group. Majority of patients (71%) were in euthyroid state, followed by hypothyroid state and least in hyperthyroid state. In our study 88% of benign lesions were hyper-echoic and all malignant lesions were hypo-echoic. Most of the cystic nodules were benign and showed macro-calcification whereas all malignant lesions showed micro-calcification. Most of the benign lesions showed peripheral hypervascularisation and all malignant lesions showed internal hypervascularisation. There was a statistically positive significant correlation between FNAC findings and radiological features with P<0.001. Conclusion: FNAC and radiological examination play significant role in an accurate diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of thyroid gland. Thyroid profile also plays a very important role in sub-typing of non-neoplastic lesions.References
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2. Gayathri BN, Kalyani R, Harendra Kumar ML, Krishna Prasad K. Fine needle aspiration cytology of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis—a diagnostic pitfall with review of literature. Journal of Cytology. 2011;28(4):210–213.
3. Miccoli P, Minuto MN, Galleri D et al. Incidental thyroid carcinoma in a large series of consecutive patients operated on for benign thyroid disease. ANZ J Surg2006; 76: 123–6.
4. Handa U, Garg S, Mohan H, Nagarkar N. Role of the fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis and management of thyroid lesions: A study on 434 patients. J Cytol 2008; 25:13-7.
5. Fujimoto F, Oka A, Omoto R, Hirsoe M. Ultrasound scanning of the thyroid gland as a new diagnostic approach. Ultrasonics, 1967; 5: 177-80.
6. Bruno A., Policeni Wendy, R.K Smoker, Deborah L. Reede. Anatomy and Embryology of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Semin ultrasound CT MRI, 2012; 33: 104-114.
7. Ritica Chaudhary, Zulfikar Ahmed, Umaru N. A Correlative study of FNAC Thyroid with Thyroid Hormone Profile. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Science 2014; Vol.3 Issue 06, February 10; Page :1474-1480.
8. Mandrekar SR, Nadkarni NS, Pinto RG, Menezes S. Role of fine needle aspiration as the initial modality in investigation of thyroid lesions. ActaCytol 1995; 39:898-903.
9. Monoj Gupta, Savita Gupta, and Ved Bhushan Gupta. Correlation of Fine Needle aspiration Cytology with Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Solitary Thyroid Nodule. Journal of Thyroid Research Volume 2010, Article ID 379051, 5 pages 2010.
10. Chandanwale S, Singh N, Kumar H, Pradhan P, Gore C, Rajpal M. Clinicopathological correlation of thyroid nodules. Int J Pharm Biomed Sci 2012; 3:97-102.
11. Basharat R, Bukhari MH, Saeed S, Hamid T. Comparison of fine needle aspiration cytology and thyroid scan in solitary thyroid nodule. Patholog Res Int 2011; 2011:754041.
12. Tabaqchali MA, Hanson JM, Johnson SJ, Wadehra V, Lennard TW and Proud G. Thyroid aspiration cytology in Newcastle. Am R Coll Surg Engl 2000; 82: 149-155.
13. Brkljacic B, Cuk V, Tomic-Brzac H, et al. Ultrasonic evaluation of benign and malignant nodules in echographically multinodular thyroids. J Clin Ultrasound. 1994; 22:71–76.
14. Belfiore A, La Rosa GL, La Porta GA. Cancer risk in patients with cold thyroid nodules: relevance of iodine intake, sex, age, and multinodularity. Am J Med. 1992; 93:363-9.
15. Nayar R, Nemcek A. Radiologic and pathologic features of thyroid calcifications: A viewpoint. Pathology case review. 2003; 8:22-24.
16. Bryan K, Terry S, Ross M, Ronald J, Brooke J. Common and uncommon sonography features of papillary carcinoma. J ultrasound med2003; 22:1083-1090.
17. Amer AM Ali, Abdulkader H Hasan, Tahir A Hawrami. The role of conventional ultrasound in the assessement of the thyroid nodules in Al-Sulaimanyia territory. Bas J Surg. 2009;15:34.
18. Laith A Khalaf, Hussein A Abdul-Shaheed. The value of ultrasound and color- Doppler features in the assessment of single solid thyroid nodule. Iraqi JMS. 2012; 10:287-292.
Published
2018-08-22
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