Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors – A Clinicopathologic Study
Keywords:
Germ cell tumors, Mature teratoma, Mediastinum
Abstract
Background: Primary mediastinal extragonadal germ cell tumors (GCT) are relatively rare lesions and account for only 1 to 2 percent of all germ cell tumors. They are clinically distinct from testicular germ cell tumors despite their similar histologic features. Objective of this study is to classify and evaluate the histomorphology of mediastinal germ cell tumors and correlate the clinical findings with radiological and other serologic parameters. Method: A 5 year study was done in Dept. of Pathology, of a private Medical College on mediastinal lesions. Total number of cases studied was 66, with GCTs making up 7 cases. Histopathology sections taken were stained with routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stains. Results: The age range of patients with mediastinal GCTs were 6 months to 43 years with a mean of 23 years. Only one case was seen above 40 years. Both malignant GCTs were below 20 years. There was a male predominance with male:female ratio of 2.5:1. Conclusion: Mediastinal GCTs are rare & interesting neoplasms, usually located in anterior compartment of mediastinum. A histomorphological analysis aided by radiology and serology permits an exact diagnosis in many cases.References
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15. Nichols CR. Mediastinal germ cell tumors: clinical features and biologic correlates. Chest 1991; 99(2):472-9.
16. Albuquerque KV, Mistry RC, Deshpande RK, Desai PB. Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum. Indian J Cancer 1994;31(4):250-6.
17. Moran CA, Suster S, Koss MN.Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum: III. Yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and combined nonteratomatous germ cell tumors of the mediastinum—a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 64 cases.Cancer1997;80(4):699–707.
18. Azarow KS, Pearl RH, Zurcher R, Edwards FH, Cohen AJ. Primary mediastinal masses: A comparison of adult and pediatric populations. J ThoracCardiovascSurg1993;106(1):67-72.
19. Temes R, Chavez T, Mapel D, et al. Primary mediastinal malignancies: Findings in 219 patients. West J Med 1999;170(3):161-6.
2. Meares EM Jr, Briggs EM. Occult seminoma of the testis masquerading as primary extragonadal germinal neoplasms. Cancer 1972;30(1):300-6.
3. Oberman HA, Libcke JH. Malignant germinal neoplasms of the mediastinum. Cancer 1964;17:498-507.
4. Cox JD. Primary malignant germinal tumors of the mediastinum. A study of 24 cases. Cancer 1975;36(3):1162-8.
5. Takeda S, Miyoshi S, Ohta M, Minami M, Masaoka A, Matsuda H: Primary germ cell tumors in the mediastinum: a 50-year experience at a single Japanese institution. Cancer 2003, 97:367–376.
6. Parker D, Holford CP, Begent RH, et al. Effective treatment for malignant mediastinal teratoma. Thorax 1983; 38(12):897-902.
7. Davis RD, Oldham HN Jr, Sabiston DC Jr. Primary cysts and neoplasms of the mediastinum: recent changes in clinical presentation, methods of diagnosis, management, and results. Ann ThoracSurg1987;44(3):229–37.
8. Cohen AJ, Thompson L, Edwards FH, Bellamy RF. Primary cysts and tumors of the mediastinum. Ann ThoracSurg 1991;51(3):378-84.
9. Mullen B, Richardson JD. Primary anterior mediastinal tumors in children and adults. Ann ThoracSurg1986;42(3):338-45.
10. O’Gara RW, Horn RC Jr, Enterline HT. Tumors of the anterior mediastinum. Cancer 1958;11(3):562-90.
11. Nelson TG, Shefts LM, Bowers WF. Mediastinal tumors: An analysis of 141 cases. Dis Chest 1957;32(2):123-53.
12. Strollo DC, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Jett JR. Primary mediastinal tumors. Part 1: Tumors of the anterior mediastinum. Chest 1997; 112(2):511-22.
13. Moran CA, Suster S.Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum: I. Analysis of 322 cases with special emphasis on teratomatous lesions and a proposal for histopathologic classification and clinical staging. Cancer 1997;80(4):681-90.
14. Carter C, Bibro MC, Touloukian RJ. Benign clinical behavior of immature mediastinal teratoma in infancy and childhood: report of two cases and review of literature. Cancer 1982; 49(2):398-402.
15. Nichols CR. Mediastinal germ cell tumors: clinical features and biologic correlates. Chest 1991; 99(2):472-9.
16. Albuquerque KV, Mistry RC, Deshpande RK, Desai PB. Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum. Indian J Cancer 1994;31(4):250-6.
17. Moran CA, Suster S, Koss MN.Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum: III. Yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and combined nonteratomatous germ cell tumors of the mediastinum—a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 64 cases.Cancer1997;80(4):699–707.
18. Azarow KS, Pearl RH, Zurcher R, Edwards FH, Cohen AJ. Primary mediastinal masses: A comparison of adult and pediatric populations. J ThoracCardiovascSurg1993;106(1):67-72.
19. Temes R, Chavez T, Mapel D, et al. Primary mediastinal malignancies: Findings in 219 patients. West J Med 1999;170(3):161-6.
Published
2019-04-30
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