A study of histological types of leprosy along with clinico-histopathological correlation in a Tertiary Centre from North Maharashtra region.

  • Maya Suresh Vasaikar Shri Bhausaheb Hire Goverment Medical College, Dhule
  • Bharati M Patil
  • Rajesh Y Thakur
Keywords: Leprosy, macules, histopathology, Fite Ferraco stain.

Abstract

Background- To achieve WHO new global strategy of 2016-, To decrease the case load of leprosy, early and proper classification of leprosy for proper treatment and avoiding disability due to leprosy. Aim- Aim of this study was to find out the incidence of various histological types of leprosy in North Maharashtra. To find out which is the common type and to know the importance of histopathological examination in diagnosis of leprosy and its correlation clinically. Methods- A retrospective study of five years from Jan 2011 to Dec 2015 was conducted in the department of Pathology Government Medical College Dhule. Clinical diagnosis was correlated with histopathological report.Results-Sixty seven clinically diagnosed cases were included in the study. From sixty seven cases two cases on histopathological and on AFB (Fite Ferraco) stain were negative for leprosy. The Male to Female ratio was 0.8:1, maximum cases belonged to age group 21-30 years, and clinically hypo-pigmented hypo aesthetic macules were commonly seen. Clinically as well as histopathological Borderline Tuberculoid leprosy was common, it also showed maximum parity. A case of Histoid leprosy was too diagnosed on HPE which clinically was diagnosed as lepromatous leprosy. Erythema nodosum leprosum two cases were diagnosed clinically as well as histopathological in this period. Fite Farraco stain was positive in all cases of borderline lepromatous and lepromatous leprosy.Conclusion- A combination of clinical diagnosis, histopathological examination along with AFB stain is essential for proper treatment of the patient and for achieving leprosy free world. DOI: 10.21276/APALM.1203 

Author Biography

Maya Suresh Vasaikar, Shri Bhausaheb Hire Goverment Medical College, Dhule
Associate ProfessorDepartment of Pathology

References

1) Rao P N: Recent advances in the control programs and therapy of leprosy. Indian J Dermatology Venerology Leprology.2004; 70: 269-76.
2) Special Correspondent, India achieves leprosy eradication target. The Hindu News paper 2005, Jan 31, p 15.
3) National leprosy eradication programme-Progress report for the year 2006, central leprosy division. Directorate General of health services, Nirbhan Bhavan, New Delhi; 2006.
4) WHO Global leprosy update on the 2014 situation. Weekly epidemiology record, 2014; 36:389-400.
5) Global leprosy programme. Global leprosy strategy 2016-2020; 2016: 7.
6) Giridhar M, Arora G. Clinico-histopathological concordance in leprosy: A Clinical, Histopathological and Bacteriological study in 100 cases. Indian Journal leprosy.2012; 84:217-225.
7) Moorthy BN, Kumar P, Chatura KR, Chandrasekhar HR, Basavaraja PK. Histopathological correlation of skin biopsies in leprosy. Indian journal of Dermatology Venerology Leprology.2001; 67:299-301.
8) Mehta B, Desai N, Khar S. Clinico-pathological co-relation in leprosy. International journal of dermatology.2012; 9(1):1-5.
9) Rizvi AA, Sharma YK, Dash K et al: An epidemiology and clinico-histopathological study of leprosy in semi urban area under Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation in Pune district Maharashtra. Medical journal of Dr D Y Patil university.2015; 8(5):609-613.
10) Fine PE. Leprosy: the epidemiology of a slow bacterium. Epidemiology Rev. 1982; 4: 161-188.
11) Vargas-Ocampo and Francisco. Analysis of 6000 skin biopsies of the National leprosy control Programme in Mexico. Int J Lepra-other Mycobact Dis 2004 59;28-35.

12) Shivamurthy V, Gurubasavraj H, Sastry SP, Kumar P: Histomorphological study of leprosy. Afr J Medical health science.2013;12: 68-73.
13) Manandhar U, Adhikari RC, Sayami G: Clinico-histopathological correlation of skin biopsies in leprosy. Journal of Pathology Nepal.2013; 3:452-8.
14) Tiwari M, Ranabhat S: Clinico-histopathological correlation of leprosy. A retrospective study of skin biopsy specimens in Chitwan Medical Science Research and Practise 2015, 2 (1): 8-11.
15) Kumar A, Negi SR, Vaishnav K. A study of clinic- histopathological correlation of leprosy in a tertiary care hospital in western district of Rajasthan. J Res Med Den Sci 2014; 2:43-8.
16) Pandya AN, Tailor H J. Clinico histopathological correlation of leprosy. Indian J Dermatology Venerology Leprology 2008; 74:174-6.
17) Mathur MC, Ghimre RBK, Shrestha P, Keda SK. Clinicopathological correlation in leprosy. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011; 9: 248-51.
18) Banushree CS, Bhat RV. Clinicopathological correlation of Hansen’s disease, a retrospective study of skin biopsies. Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology, 2016; 3(3): 491-495.
19) Bhatia AS, Katach K, Naryanan R B. Clinical and histopathological correlation of leprosy. Int J Lepra-other Mycobact Dis 1977; 45:278-80.
20) Sehgal VN, Sardana K, Dogra S: The imperatives of leprosy treatment in the pre and post global leprosy elimination era: appraisal of changing the scenario to current status. J Dermatology treatment. 2008; 19: 82-91.
21) Annigeri SR, Metgud SC, Patel JR: Lepromatous leprosy of Histoid type: A case report Indian Journal Medical Microbiology. 2007; 25.
Published
2017-07-11
Section
Original Article