Evaluation of IFN- γ, Inflammatory Marker And Infectious Etiology As Risk Factors For Coronary Artery Disease

  • Meher Rizvi Department of Microbiology,JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, India
  • Mehvash Haider Department of Microbiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
  • Richa Gupta Department of Microbiology JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, India
  • Mohd Azam Department of Microbiology JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, India
  • Abida Malik Department of Microbiology JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, India
  • M U Rabbani Department of Medicine JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, India
Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Chlamydia pneumoniae, CMV, IFN- γ

Abstract

Background: We evaluated the role of Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in coronary artery disease(CAD) patients. Interferon- γ (IFN-γ) levels in serum were assessed for ongoing inflammatory activity by these microorganisms. Methods: Persistent and chronic infection of C. pneumoniae was assessed by the level of IgA and IgG antibodies as well as 16S rRNA gene of C.pneumoniae. Chronic CMV presence was detected by IgG antibodies. IFN-γ levels in serum were analysed by ELISA. Results: Among the 63 CAD cases, C. pneumoniae IgG antibodies were present in 34(53.97%;95% CI: 41.66% to 66.28%) cases, C. pneumoniae IgA antibodies were detected in 42(66.67%; 95% CI :55.03% to78.31%) cases (p<0.05). PCR for detection of C. pneumoniae was done on 40 cases, among which 13 (32.5%; 95% CI: 17.99% to 47.01%) of cases were positive for 16SrRNA gene of C. pneumoniae. CMV IgG was positive in 41 (65.08%; 95% CI: 53.31% to 76.85%) cases. On assessing the patients of CAD for major traditional risk factors,35(55.55%) had past history of CAD, 20(31.75%) of dyslipidemia, 19 (30.16%) gave history of smoking and 18 (28.75%) were obese. On comparison of infectious etiology and traditional risk factors, it was clear that C. pneumoniae and CMV both were more (p<0.001) strongly associated with CAD than the traditional risk factors. Mean level of IFN-γ in these patients was 32.13pg/ml and that of controls was 11.32pg/ml. Raised IFN-γ was observed in 39 (61.9%) patients of which 14 (35.9%) were patients of primary hypertension, 7 (17.9%) were patients of angina and 18 (46.15%) were patients of MI.Conclusions: C. pneumoniae and chronic CMV infection appear to have a role in the pathogenesis of CAD. Elevated IFN-γ levels suggests that these pathogens aggravate the inflammatory process of atherogenesis and hasten the disease process.DOI: 10.21276/APALM.1551

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Published
2018-01-27
Issue
Vol 5 No 1 (2018)
Section
Original Article

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